Joint Regeneration
Cartilage tissue’s ability to repair itself is severely limited because it does not contain blood vessels, and bleeding is necessary for healing. The regeneration is to “fix” tissues that have failed to repair themselves; like a knee joint and other synovial joints in patients with degenerative and traumatic changes to the synovial joint.
Our joint regeneration products shall be used for the relief of pain and stiffness of the (knee) joints and provide the oppertunity for the tissue to calm and regenerate. Before a knee or cartilage replacement, the first option should be a treatment to induce self-healing; the injection of a viscous hyaluronic acid (HA). The performance of these products is due to its biocompatibility and physico-chemical properties.The viscosity is of the essence and depends on molecular weight, concentration and stabilization.
The sodium hyaluronate is a biopolymer composed of repeating disaccharide units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid and though it is biosynthesised by the bacterium Streptococcus equi it has been shown to be the same as the sodium hyaluronate (HA) which is found in the human body. The HA supplements the HA found naturally in the synovium but which has been depleted by the onset of osteoarthritis of the knee.
There have been numerous studies showing a benefit of HA in moderate osteoarthritis cases or in patients developing osteoarthritis, classified using the Kellgren & Lawrence scale as grade 2 and 3. These grades mean that there is still some space in the joint, but it is narrower than that the space in the corresponding joint on the other side of the body. In these joints, HA helps to decrease symptoms and pain, and it increases function and mobility, as well as quality of life scores. In other words, HA is more effective in younger arthritic patients – i.e., those in their 60s, not those in their 80s – and in those with medium or moderate osteoarthrosis.
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring large molecule that helps to calm down inflammation. It also increases the expression of anti-inflammatory molecules in the knee and in cartilage cells, or ‘chondrocytes’.
HA stimulates the cells that generate the synovial fluid in the knee, called synoviocytes. This, in turn, promotes the release of HA into the synovium and the synovial fluid. Together, these effects support the regulation (homeostasis), of the joints by calming down inflammation and helping to promote anti-inflammatory factors or proteins in the joints.
HA helps to regulate the equilibrium of those factors if they are unbalanced, which can occur in patients with acute articular cartilage damage, and especially in both early and late osteoarthritis.
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